A major obstacle to a diplomatic breakthrough remains the disagreement over Iran's uranium enrichment programme. Washington has demanded substantial restrictions on Tehran's enrichment capabilities, while Iranian officials have rejected proposals that would require the country to abandon its right to enrich uranium domestically.
US Vice President JD Vance has questioned Iran's need to maintain uranium enriched to 60%, arguing that Tehran must demonstrate its commitment to preventing the development of nuclear weapons. Iranian officials, however, have maintained that their nuclear activities are peaceful and that any discussions must respect the country's sovereign rights.
Hormuz tensions deepen
The diplomatic developments coincide with worsening security conditions in the Strait of Hormuz, one of the world's most important maritime energy routes. Iran has warned that attempts to establish alternative shipping routes without its approval could be treated as hostile actions, raising concerns about further attacks on commercial vessels.
Recent incidents involving tankers have disrupted maritime traffic and increased uncertainty in global energy markets. Shipping companies have been reassessing their operations in the region as concerns grow over the possibility of a wider military confrontation.
Iranian officials have also warned that renewed American attacks would invite a stronger response than during earlier phases of the conflict. Despite the military preparations and continuing disagreements, the latest diplomatic exchanges indicate that channels of communication remain open, with Tehran's expected response likely to determine the immediate direction of negotiations.